Science, Space and Technology News 2024
A collaborative study has uncovered microproteins exclusive to liver tumors, presenting a new avenue for cancer vaccine development. These microproteins arise from genes previously considered non-coding, offering hope for effective treatments for low-mutation cancers like liver cancer.
A study has identified a group of small molecules exclusive to liver tumors that could be key to developing cancer vaccines. These are microproteins, very small proteins expressed only by tumor cells. This can result in the activation of immune cells against the tumor. “In recent years, there has been increasing attention to this group of genes, which, due to their short length or low expression, were considered non-coding. New techniques have revealed that some of these genes can indeed produce small proteins,” says Mar Albà, an ICREA researcher at the Hospital del Mar Research Institute.
“This study shows that there is a significant number of microproteins exclusively expressed in tumor cells that could be used to develop new treatments,” explains Marta Espinosa Camarena, a researcher at Hospital del Mar Research Institute.“We have seen that some of these microproteins can stimulate the immune system, potentially generating a response against cancer cells. This response can be enhanced with vaccines, similar to the coronavirus vaccines, but producing these microproteins.
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