China's Xiangshan project, dedicated to developing RISC-V processors, is pushing towards a 2025 launch with a design potentially capable of competing in the data center market. The project has been focused on optimizing its third-generation design, Kunminghu, aiming to bridge the performance gap with industry leaders like Arm's Neoverse 2.
A prominent figure in China 's pursuit of RISC-V -based processors has indicated that a significant advancement is expected in 2025. Yungang Bao, from the Institute of Computing Technology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, made this statement on Chinese social media platform Weibo. Bao's post highlights the project, named Xiangshan, which aims to leverage the open-source RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA) to develop a high-performance chip.
The team's ambition is to establish a company that emulates the impact of Red Hat on the Linux ecosystem, according to Bao. The Xiangshan project has previously targeted six-monthly releases. However, its latest design to be taped out appears to be a second-generation chip called Nanhu, unveiled in late 2023. This chip operated at 2GHz and was fabricated using a 14nm process node. Since then, the project has focused on a third-generation design named Kunminghu, with a published image showcasing its intricate micro-architecture. While the potential applications of the 64-bit RISC-V Kunminghu are yet to be fully revealed, Bao's recent post acknowledges that the project's progress hasn't been as rapid as initially anticipated. This he attributes to the inherent complexity of developing high-end chips. The Xiangshan project dedicated the entirety of 2024 to continuously optimizing the area and power consumption of the third-generation Xiangshan (Kunming Lake architecture), ultimately achieving a gap of less than 8 percent compared with Arm's Neoverse 2 CPU core. This suggests that the project is striving to compete with Arm's established technology, particularly in cloud, high-performance computing (HPC), and machine learning applications. The advancement of RISC-V into high-performance computing would be a significant milestone, as it is currently predominantly used for more modest silicon applications
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