The liver, a vital organ involved in numerous essential physiological processes such as bile production, plasma protein synthesis, nutrient absorption, detoxification, vitamin storage, macronutrient metabolism, and immune support, has a remarkable regenerative capacity.
Xia & He Publishing Inc.Jul 29 2024 The liver parenchyma consists primarily of hepatocytes, accounting for approximately 80% of its mass, and cholangiocytes. The non-parenchymal cells include hepatic stellate cells , liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and resident macrophages known as Kupffer cells. Adult hepatocytes, usually in a quiescent state, can rapidly re-enter the cell cycle following acute injuries such as drug-induced damage or hepatic resection.
MicroRNAs and liver regeneration MicroRNAs are pivotal regulators of LR. Despite numerous studies highlighting their importance, the specific molecular mechanisms involved in miRNA-mediated regulation of LR are not fully understood. Recent efforts have focused on elucidating these mechanisms, driven by the potential therapeutic applications of miRNAs for treating diseases characterized by impaired LR.
Mechanisms of miRNA regulation Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: miR21 Downregulation: Therapeutic potential and challenges miRNAs represent promising therapeutic tools for treating liver diseases due to their high stability and detectability in the bloodstream. These properties make them superior biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and evaluation of liver diseases compared to conventional biomarkers.
Conclusions The reviewed studies demonstrate that miRNAs are deeply involved in controlling LR by regulating gene expression associated with cell proliferation and liver repair. In the 2/3 PH model, miRNA-mediated gene regulation is evident in each phase of LR. Changes in miRNA expression during the initiation and proliferation phases can either inhibit or activate proliferation signaling, highlighting their dual role.
Acetaminophen Autophagy Bile Cell Cell Cycle Gene Gene Expression Metabolism Overdose Ph Proliferation Protein Protein Synthesis Research Signaling Pathway
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