Exploring the safety of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in the elderly JAMANetworkOpen COVID19 covid SARSCoV2 mRNA elderly olderpersons research
By Shanet Susan AlexAug 7 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in JAMA Network Open, researchers evaluate the risks of possible adverse events following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in the elderly.
Previous studies indicate slight differences between the adverse event risks associated with these mRNA vaccines; however, the data is sparse and does not include the elderly or those with certain medical conditions. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals experience some vaccine-related adverse events, with vaccine efficacy potentially impacting the frequency of these events.
The study leveraged an innovative linked database including information on Medicare claims and community pharmacies, which represented over 50% of the United States population receiving Medicare. Twelve serious adverse events potentially related to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination were considered for the analysis, some of which included facial nerve palsy, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, thrombocytopenia purpura, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis. All events were measured using diagnosis codes from Medicare claims.
Both vaccine groups had a low risk of all outcomes. The most frequent events were pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, which affected 0.23% and 0.27% of participants, respectively. An interaction between vaccine product and frailty was observed for thrombocytopenia purpura and facial nerve palsy, with mRNA-1273 associated with an 11% and 14% decreased risk of both outcomes among individuals classified as non-frail, respectively.
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