A systematic review explores the impact of a vegan diet on maternal and fetal outcomes, revealing mixed results on birth weight and nutrient intake, calling for further research.
By Vijay Kumar MalesuReviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Oct 2 2024 While a vegan diet can provide essential nutrients, research shows potential risks, including lower birth weight s and nutrient deficiencies, emphasizing the need for well-planned diets and supplements during pregnancy.
Background The prevalence of veganism, which excludes all animal products, is rising, driven by ethical, environmental, and health concerns. A 2023 European survey revealed that 1-8% of the population follows a vegan diet, with 75% being women aged 18-45. However, the rise in veganism among women of reproductive age has raised concerns regarding the long-term effects of vegan diets on maternal and fetal health, with evidence from existing studies being inconsistent.
The review focused on original studies assessing the effects of a vegan diet on maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women. Studies involving non-pregnant participants or participants on non-vegan diets, such as pescatarians or flexitarians , were excluded. Non-original studies, reviews, comments, and case reports were also excluded.
Supplementation benefits: Vegan mothers who took vitamin B12 and iron supplements had significantly higher levels of these nutrients in both maternal and umbilical cord blood, reducing the risk of deficiencies in their babies.
Diet Pregnancy Vegan Beta-Carotene Birth Weight Blood Calcium Child Health Eclampsia Meat Nutrients Nutrition Pre-Eclampsia Protein Research Supplements Umbilical Cord Vegetarian Vitamin B12 Vitamin D
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