Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES) identifies and quantifies elements by analyzing their unique emission spectra from plasma-induced excited states.
By Rebecca Ingle, Ph.DMay 23 2024Reviewed by Lexie Corner Atomic emission spectroscopy is an analytical technique that analyzes the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a sample to identify and quantify the different species within it.AES typically involves creating plasma from the sample.
Most excited states are metastable and have very short lifetimes, often less than a billionth of a second. An isolated atom, with no environmental interactions, can only release the excess energy from the absorbed photon by emitting another photon. Due to energy conservation laws, the emitted photon’s energy equals the energy difference between the two involved energy levels.
Related StoriesIn atomic spectra, absorption and emission lines are very sharp because the associated transitions have narrow line widths, and the absorption and emission spectra are typically inverses of each other. For some experiments, a flame may suffice for sample combustion, but sources like an arc or spark are often used to create plasma.3 ICP sources use radio frequencies and a ‘carrier gas’ to create the plasma.4 The tunable radio frequencies create a high-temperature plasma that interacts with the sample, with ICP methods being popular due to their controllable plasma conditions.
Detectors can be imaging-type CCD detectors or single-wavelength photomultiplier tubes . CCDs are advantageous because they can detect multiple emission lines simultaneously without scanning the detection wavelength using a monochromator. Still, they can be more expensive and potentially less sensitive than some PMTs.
Elemental Analysis Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectr
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