Study found that EBV-specific immune responses in MS patients showed higher IgG titers and cell-mediated reactions to EBV antigens compared to healthy controls, suggesting a complex role of EBV in MS development.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaJun 9 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the journal PLOS Pathogens, researchers investigated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis patients, post-infectious mononucleosis patients, and EBV-seropositive healthy controls up to six months following disease resolution. They also evaluated central nervous system antigenic targeting by anti-EBV cell-mediated immune responses.
The contribution of EBV-induced immune responses to the loss of CNS tissue in MS is unclear. Elevated antibodies to the "EBNA complex" are associated with an increased risk of MS, indicating that additional latent cycle antigens may potentially cause pathogenic responses. The primary distinction amongst EBV types globally is sequence divergence in EBNAs 2A, 3B, and 3C.
The researchers matched individuals based on age, biological sex, and human leukocyte antigen -DRB1*15:01. They studied ex vivo helper-T cells or clusters of differentiation 4-expressing cells and cytotoxic CD8-expressing T cell responses to EBV using in vitro-transformed autologous lymphoblastoid cell lines using a panel of overlapping 15-mer peptides.
Multiple Sclerosis Sclerosis Virus Antibodies Antibody Antigen Autoimmunity Blood Brain Cell Central Nervous System Chronic Ex Vivo Hospital Immune Response Immunity In Vitro Mononucleosis Myelin Nervous System Pathology Protein T-Cell Tetanus
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