The study uncovers genetic factors driving early type 2 diabetes in South Asians, highlighting risks of insulin dependence and medication response challenges.
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc.Nov 28 2024 Study highlights genetic factors driving earlier diabetes onset, reduced insulin production, and obesity patterns in South Asians.
T2D prevalence in South Asian individuals In comparison to Europeans, South Asians are diagnosed with T2D at younger ages and with lower body mass index . For example, Asian Indians are four times more likely to develop diabetes at an age of less than forty years than Europeans. A recent study revealed that 12.7% of South Asians develop T2D.
Multiple studies have indicated differences in genetic architecture and clinical phenotype of T2D between South Asians and Europeans. It is important to understand whether a pPS strategy could elucidate the genetic basis of this difference. pPSs for 12 diabetes-associated genetically determined endotypes were determined using PLINK. These include three endotypes linked with insulin secretion , glucose sensing , and insulin production ; three clusters associated with insulin resistance and abnormal adiposity; and six clusters were linked with effects on insulin resistance and deficiency.
The current study observed higher unmodified pPSs in Bangladeshi individuals, particularly for beta cell 2, obesity, and lipodystrophy 1, than in Pakistanis. The distributions of pPSs were compared between T2D-diagnosed individuals of European and South Asian ancestry, which indicated a higher score among South Asians for several pPSs, particularly beta cell 2 and lipodystrophy 1. However, obesity pPS was found to be higher in individuals of European ancestry.
Genetic Body Mass Index Cell Genotyping Hba1c Insulin Insulin Resistance Lipodystrophy Medicine Obesity Research Type 2 Diabetes
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