Researchers found that IgG from long COVID patients induces specific symptoms in mice, suggesting IgG's role in long COVID pathogenesis.
By Tarun Sai LomteJun 3 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study posted to bioRxiv preprint* server, researchers showed that transfer of immunoglobulin G from long COVID patients causes symptoms in mice.
Study: Transfer of IgG from Long COVID patients induces symptomology in mice. Image Credit: Juan Gaertner / Shutterstock Two control groups were included – healthy subjects sampled before the pandemic and healthy individuals after mild COVID-19 without residual symptoms. Assays were performed to quantify interleukin -10, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IFN-α2a, total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein , and neurofilament L in the plasma of long COVID patients and controls. Olink proteomics technology was used for protein profiling.
In addition, 15 healthy controls with a mild infection were included. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in acute COVID-19 were comparable between long COVID patients and controls. IFN-γ was lower in long COVID patients, while IFN-β was elevated. GFAP, detected in 10 long COVID patients, was elevated; it was undetectable in controls. No significant differences were observed in tau and NFL levels between controls and long COVID patients.
In contrast, LC-2 was enriched for muscle-related proteins, whereas LC-3 was enriched for lipoproteins. Purified IgG from long COVID patients and healthy controls sampled pre-pandemic were pooled and injected into mice. Fifteen days later, the presence of the human IgG in various tissues was investigated. Overall, hIgG from patients or controls was detected in all investigated tissues at similar levels in mice.
Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 Antibodies Autoantibodies Chemokines Coronavirus Covid-19 Dysbiosis Heat Hypersensitivity Immunoglobulin Interferon Metabolism Pain Pandemic Pathophysiology Protein Syndrome
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