Breakthrough in Brain Cancer Treatment: Dual-Target CAR T Cell Therapy Shows Promise in Early Clinical Trial.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaMar 15 2024Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent report published in Nature Medicine, researchers presented the initial results of recurrent glioblastoma patients treated with intrathecally administered, autologous, bivalent chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 in a phase 1 clinical trial.
Tumor antigen heterogeneity, intrinsic T cell malfunction, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments are all examples of resistance mechanisms. Three patients received 1 × 107 cells , while the others received 2.5 × 107 cells 17–35 days following surgery between June 14, 2023, and January 2, 2024. The primary objectives were safety, maximum tolerated dosage, dose-limiting toxicity , and adverse events.
They rated cytokine release syndrome according to the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy guidelines and neurotoxicity using the immune effector-associated neurotoxicity syndrome criteria. The researchers surgically removed a tumor nodule, revealing therapy-related alterations and uncommon glial cells. After two months, the disease progressed, for which the patient received bevacizumab and continues to remain alive with an eight-month OS.
Patient 4 experienced significant neurotoxicity and received dexamethasone, anakinra, and tocilizumab, resulting in a better mental state and a restoration to the pre-treatment neurological baseline. Patient 4's enhancement foci and periventricular nodules were decreased at treatment level 2.0 and remained stable.
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