Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of COVID-19, but its effects on symptom severity are less certain due to mixed results and study limitations.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaReviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Aug 27 2024 Study: Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review. Image Credit: Brian A Jackson / Shutterstock
Inflammation has a vital role in the disease's progression and severity. Cytokine storms in COVID-19 are robust inflammatory responses with increased production of inflammatory cytokines that can result in severe infections and catastrophic complications. The plant-based Mediterranean diet exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The diet can minimize the likelihood of viral infection and promote viral clearance, indicating that it may protect against COVID-19.
Two reviewers independently performed title-abstract followed by full-text screening for relevant records, and a third reviewer resolved disagreements. Data extracted included the first author's name, publication year, study design, study location, sample population, individual characteristics, and association of the Mediterranean diet association with COVID-19 development risk, symptoms, and severity.
Diet Mediterranean Diet Coronavirus Cough Cytokine Cytokines Diarrhea Fever Fish Food Frequency Immunomodulatory Inflammation Mortality Nasal Congestion Nausea Olive Oil Oxygen Pandemic SARS SARS-Cov-2 Sore Throat Throat Vitamin C
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