A Review published in Molecular Neurodegeneration summarizes early pathological events in Parkinson’s disease that may support the identification of novel therapeutic and diagnostic targets and aid to the development of disease-modifying strategies.
]. Another piece of evidence suggesting early immunological changes came from the work of Galioano-Landeira et alThe authors found that CD8-positive T-lymphocytes were increased in the SNc of PD cases compared to the control group, whereas CD4-positive T cells remained unchanged []. Most notably, a robust infiltration of CD8-positive T-cells has been observed prior to the appearance of LBP and in the absence of DA cell death.
]. Finally, in another study, the tissue from different Braak stages was examined for the presence of integrin α, a marker for angiogenesis, along with vessel number and activated microglia. In this study, all PD cases had greater levels of αin the SNc compared to controls.
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