Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, encompassing esophageal, gastric, small bowel, and colorectal carcinomas, represent a significant global health burden due to their high incidence and mortality rates.
Xia & He Publishing Inc.Jun 18 2024 Gastrointestinal cancers, encompassing esophageal, gastric, small bowel, and colorectal carcinomas, represent a significant global health burden due to their high incidence and mortality rates. This review by M. Jesús Fernández-Aceñero et al. provides an in-depth analysis of the molecular characteristics, prognosis, and current therapeutic strategies for these malignancies, highlighting the latest advancements and challenges in the field.
Recent genomic studies have provided valuable insights into the genetic alterations driving esophageal SCC. Technologies like whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing have identified potential therapeutic targets, such as the WNT/Notch1 pathway and the CCL2-CCR2 axis. However, targeted therapies, including EGFR inhibitors, have yet to demonstrate clinical efficacy in phase 3 trials, underscoring the need for predictive biomarkers to personalize treatment strategies .
A promising therapeutic target in GC is the tight junction protein claudin-18 isoform 2 , which is overexpressed in up to 30% of gastric and gastroesophageal carcinomas. Zolbetuximab, an anti-CLDN 18.2 antibody, has shown efficacy in clinical trials, offering a new treatment avenue for HER2-negative gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas.
Related StoriesColorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Advances in molecular biology have identified several genetic mutations and pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, including APC, KRAS, and TP53 mutations. These discoveries have paved the way for targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has shown promise in CRC, especially in microsatellite instability-high tumors .
Adenocarcinoma Barrett's Esophagus Cancer Carcinoma Carcinomas Cell Colorectal Efficacy Esophageal Cancer Genetic Genome Genomic Global Health Molecular Biology Mortality Pathology Research Squamous Cell Carcinoma Surgery
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