Hyperdiploidy is a genetic condition observed in cancer cells, where the cells contain more chromosomes than usual. The condition is particularly prevalent in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the most common form of pediatric cancer.
To bring clarity to the field, researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have worked to better define this type of ALL in the context of modern therapy to more accurately predict patient outcomes and guide treatment decisions. The findings are published in theCurrently, oncology centers worldwide use at least six different definitions of hyperdiploidy to guide treatment protocols, resulting in variable.
"Hyperdiploidy definitions have historically been derived from the retrospective studies of previous protocols," said co-corresponding author Ching-Hon Pui, M.D., Departments of Oncology, Pathology and Global Pediatric Medicine."By comprehensively comparing six different classification methods in the same patient cohort, we show that a simple system, such as the DNA index, is optimal for stratifying patients with a good prognosis.
DNA index casts a wider net over the hyperdiploid patient population, making it a valuable starting point for those working in resource-limited settings that may have finite access to more expensive methods, such as whole-genome sequencing. This finding holds significance for medical centers around the world.
"The DNA index seems advantageous over other classification criteria because it captures a significant proportion of patients with excellent prognoses who are missed by a few other hyperdiploid definitions," said co-corresponding author Jun J. Yang, Ph.D., Departments of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Oncology.While DNA index is highly informative of treatment outcomes, it has limitations—it cannot identify the specific chromosomes that have been gained.
"Hyperdiploidy is not monolithic. It is essential to identify the individual chromosome gains to better understand its effects," Yang said."The gain of specific chromosomes can result in varying
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