Researchers examine interactions between early life body mass index values and later life lung function.
By Hugo Francisco de SouzaReviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.Nov 1 2024 Early childhood BMI patterns play a crucial role in shaping adult lung health, with both high and low BMI linked to distinct respiratory outcomes, according to a long-term Swedish study.
How does BMI predict lung function? Current estimates indicate that up to 12% of the adult human population throughout the world suffers from abnormal peak lung function. Reduced lung function has been attributed to high environmental pathogen and pollution load during developmental years, which increases the risk of early onset- and more frequent cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic diseases during childhood.
About the study The present prospective study comprised a large cohort of 3,204 individuals with a post-birth follow-up period of 24 years. Samples were collected at eight, 16, and 24 years of age to elucidate the impact of early life BMI progression on adult lung function. Respiratory outcomes included pre-bronchodilator lung function determined through spirometry measurements obtained at age eight yearsof age, as well as post-BD spirometry conducted at 24 years of age, both of which follow the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society recommendations. Lung clearance index and functional residual capacity were calculated using multiple-breath nitrogen washout assays.
Regression analyses revealed childhood BMI and both pre- and post-BD adult lung function were closely associated and significantly different between the different BMI trajectory groups. These differences were also observed in z-score investigations of lung function growth, thus suggesting that BMI can influence mechanistic modulation of lung function and alter its structure.
Metabolites Pathogen Phenotype Pollution Respiratory Spirometry
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