Research published in the Journal of Neuroinflammation reports that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause blood–brain barrier dysfunction and lead to central nervous system inflammatory responses.
-value in multiple tests. Here, only genes with logDifferentially expressed genes were compared against various databases for functional annotation. We compared the plant-specific sequences from the NCBI-nr database and the Swiss-Prot database by using basic local alignment search tool x with an e-value cut-off of 10. The best BLAST hit based on the bit score was used for subsequent functional annotation.
. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation was performed using BLAST x against plant-specific sequences from the KEGG database. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the hypergeometric test as implemented in the R phyper function.Reverse transcription PCR was performed with 1 μg aliquots of total RNA from each sample and was followed by complementary DNA synthesis using the HiScript II Q Select RT SuperMix for qPCR .
For SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR, 100 ng of RNA was used as a template for the amplification of selected genes by using TransScript® II Probe One-Step RT-qPCR SuperMix . Average values from duplicates of each gene were used to calculate the viral genomic copies. Sequences of the primers targeting the SARS-CoV-2 RdRP gene were as follows: 5′-CAATGGTTTAACAGGCACAGG-3′ and 5′-CTCAAGTGTCTGTGGATCACG-3′ . RT-qPCR was performed following the manufacturers’ instructions.
Mouse brain sections were incubated with primary TJP1 , OCLN , CLDN5 , ICAM1 , VCAM1 antibody , CD44 antibody , or SARS-COV-2 spike antibody , followed by incubation with secondary antibody conjugated with Cy3 . The same sections were then incubated with CD31 primary antibody, followed by incubation with the appropriate secondary antibody fluorescein isothiocyanate prior to final nuclear staining with DAPI. The sections were photographed and analyzed using a BX41 microscope .
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Brain immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infectionIn a recently published article in the journal Current Opinion in Neurobiology, scientists at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis have described how immunological alterations associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may impact brain activities and induce acute and post-acute neurological symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
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