A preliminary study suggests that sex and gender are represented differently in the brain
“Moving forward, we really need to consider both sex and gender separately if we want to better understand the brain,” said study co-author Elvisha Dhamala, a neuroscientist at the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, in a recent press conference.by chromosomes, genes, hormones and other biological systems. On top of that, cultural ideas about what it means to be, for example, a man, woman or nonbinary person—what we call gender—also play a critical role shaping people’s life and behavior.
While the researchers expected sex to be associated with differences in activity in certain brain networks, beyond that, “we had no idea whether or not would map onto the brain and also no ideaThe study researchers analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 4,757 children aged nine or 10 years old. The fMRI scanner captured “resting-state” activity across different brain regions that occurs when someone is awake but not engaged in a specific task.
Finally, the researchers compared the networks associated with gender differences with those associated with sex differences. They found that while there was some overlap, these groups of networks were largely different from one another, though this difference was only statistically significant for the parent-reported gender data, not the self-reports.
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