A team of UVM scientists led by Mark Nelson, Ph.D., from the Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, has uncovered a novel mechanism that reshapes our understanding of how blood flow is regulated in the brain.
University of VermontDec 9 2024 The study, published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences , introduces Electro-Calcium Coupling, a process that integrates electrical and calcium signaling in brain capillaries to ensure precise blood flow delivery to active neurons.
This use-dependent increase in local blood flow , mediated by mechanisms collectively termed neurovascular coupling , is essential for normal brain function and represents the physiological basis for functional magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, deficits in cerebral blood flow including functional hyperemia are an early feature of small vessel diseases of the brain and Alzheimer's long before overt clinical symptoms.
Related StoriesUsing advanced imaging and computer models, the researchers were able to observe this mechanism in action. They found that electrical signals in capillary cells boosted calcium activity by 76%, significantly increasing its ability to influence blood flow. When the team mimicked brain activity by stimulating these cells, calcium signals increased by 35%, showing how these signals travel through the capillary network.
Brain Research Blood Pressure Blood Vessel Calcium Capillaries Cell Dementia Heart Imaging Medicine Neurons Nutrients Oxygen Ph Stroke
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