Dampened mucosal response against SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant individuals SARSCoV2 Coronavirus Disease COVID ImmuneResponse Immunology medrxivpreprint HopkinsMedicine NIAIDNews US_FDA
By Tarun Sai LomteMar 22 2023Reviewed by Aimee Molineux *Important notice: medRxiv publishes preliminary scientific reports that are not peer-reviewed and, therefore, should not be regarded as conclusive, guide clinical practice/health-related behavior, or treated as established information.
About the study In the present study, researchers evaluated clinical outcomes, infectious virus recovery, viral RNA levels, and mucosal anti-spike antibody responses in pregnant individuals. They used remnant nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs after diagnostic SARS-CoV-2 screening across Johns Hopkins Health System from October 2020 to May 2022.
Fisher’s exact test was used to compare clinical characteristics, virus recovery, and anti-spike immunoglobulin G titers. Area under the curve values were computed, and differences in IgG AUC values between groups were assessed using the two-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s multiple comparisons. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between immunologic measures, pregnancy, and vaccination.
A similar trend was observed between vaccinated and non-vaccinated pregnant individuals, albeit statistically insignificant. The team observed no significant differences in the infectious virus recovery rates between pregnant and non-pregnant individuals, irrespective of vaccination status. SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were similar between the two groups, and statistical differences were not observed.
Viral RNA levels increased with maternal age in vaccinated pregnant individuals, but IgG titers declined. That is, vaccinated pregnant subjects in the 25-34 and 35-44 age groups exhibited higher viral RNA levels but lower IgG titers than those in the 18-24 age group. The lowest viral RNA levels were recorded during the third trimester of pregnancy among vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals.
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