Researchers compare the effectiveness of anti-diabetes medications in reducing the risk of dementia in older diabetics.
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDReviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.Jun 26 2024 A recent study published in eClinical Medicine compares the effectiveness of anti-diabetes medications in reducing the risk of dementia in older diabetics.
Sulfonylureas directly stimulate insulin secretion irrespective of blood sugar levels. GLP-1 is an incretin, which is a hormone released in response to food intake that increases insulin release. What did the study show? The current study included 81,369 Swedish residents at least 65 years of age with T2DM. A total of 32,216, 43,850, and 12,351 study participants were prescribed sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, or GLP-1 agonists, respectively. All study participants were monitored for up to 10 years to detect the onset of dementia, with a mean follow-up period of 4.3 years.
Subgroup analyses The risk of dementia was 40% lower with GLP-1 agonist treatment and 10% lower for DPP-4 inhibitors compared to sulfonylureas. GLP-1 agonists were associated with a 23% reduced risk of dementia compared to DPP-4 inhibitors. These ratios were robust, even after adjusting for demographic and comorbidity factors, as well as prior medication usage.
Over a five-year period, GLP-1 agonist initiation could reduce dementia risk in diabetics by 14 for every 1,000 PY as compared to sulfonylureas. When compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, this drug class reduced the risk by four for every 1,000 PY.
Diabetes GLP-1 Agonist Blood Blood Sugar Brain Food Glucagon Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Hormone Insulin Medicine Placebo Receptor Type 2 Diabetes
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