Polyploidy is a state where a cell contains more copies of the genetic material than the usual 'diploid' cell, which contains two copies.
Osaka UniversityOct 21 2024 Polyploidy is a state where a cell contains more copies of the genetic material than the usual "diploid" cell, which contains two copies. Polyploidy often occurs in human diseases and cancers, and its effect on cell fate was unclear. Now, however, researchers from Japan have shown that polyploidy can be a double-edged sword when it comes to cancer and its treatment.
Polyploidization can occur naturally in organs such as the liver, where it can be an advantage, allowing liver cells to tolerate high levels of exposure to the toxic molecules processed by the liver as part of its function. However, this polyploidy can also be an origin of carcinogenesis, and these cancers are frequently resistant to anti-cancer drugs.
However, the team also discovered that polyploid cells can tolerate a greater amount of DNA damage than diploid cells. As diploid cells accumulate damage, they eventually stop cell division and begin to show a phenotype known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, or SASP. It took a greater level of DNA damage for polyploid cells to show growth arrest or SASP.
Research Cancer Cell Cell Death Cell Division Cisplatin DNA DNA Damage Genetic Liver Microscopy Phenotype Technology
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